Are thyroid problems only the domain of women? Absolutely not! Although statistically they affect the fair sex more often, men also struggle with disorders of this gland. Unfortunately, thyroid diseases in men are often underestimated and diagnosed too late, which leads to serious health consequences.
In this article, we will take a closer look at thyroid problems in men, discussing their symptoms, diagnostics and treatment methods.
Spis treści
The thyroid gland – a small organ, a big importance
Let’s start with the basics. The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the lower part of the neck, just below the Adam’s apple. It produces hormones – thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) – which regulate metabolism, affect heart function, nervous system, body temperature, and sexual function.
In men, the thyroid gland plays a key role in:
- Testosterone Production: Thyroid hormones affect the proper functioning of the testicles and sperm production.
- Maintaining Muscle Mass: Hypothyroidism can lead to muscle weakness and a decrease in strength.
- Libido Regulation: Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can negatively affect sex drive.
Symptoms of thyroid disease in men
The symptoms of thyroid disease in men can be non-specific and confused with other ailments, making diagnosis difficult. It is worth paying attention to the following symptoms:
Symptoms of hypothyroidism:
- Tiredness, weakness, drowsiness
- Weight gain despite no changes in diet
- Decrease in libido, erection problems
- Depression, depressed mood
- Constipation
- Dry skin, hair loss
- Cold intolerance
- Swelling
- Slowing the heart rate
Symptoms of hyperthyroidism:
- Nervousness, irritability, trouble concentrating
- Weight loss despite increased appetite
- Palpitations, increased heart rate
- Hyperhidrosis
- Trembling hands
- Diarrhea
- Bulging eyes
- Sleep problems
Remember! The above symptoms can indicate a number of different diseases. Do not ignore them and consult your doctor.
Diagnosis of thyroid diseases
If thyroid disease is suspected, the doctor will conduct an interview, examine the patient and order laboratory tests:
- TSH: Thyroid-stimulating hormone, produced by the pituitary gland. Its level informs about the activity of the thyroid gland.
- fT3 and fT4: Free fractions of thyroid hormones – thyroxine and triiodothyronine.
- anti-TPO and anti-TG: Antithyroid antibodies, the presence of which may indicate an autoimmune thyroid disease, e.g. Hashimoto’s disease.
- Thyroid ultrasound: It allows you to assess the size and structure of the thyroid gland, as well as detect possible nodules.
Treatment of thyroid disease in men
Treatment of thyroid disease depends on the type of condition and its severity.
In the case of hypothyroidism , substitution treatment is used, consisting in the supply of the synthetic thyroid hormone – levothyroxine. The dose of the drug is selected individually to the patient’s needs.
Hyperthyroidism is treated pharmacologically by administering drugs that inhibit the production of thyroid hormones. In some cases, radioiodine treatment or surgical removal of the thyroid gland may be necessary.
Impact of thyroid disease on male fertility
Thyroid disorders can negatively affect male fertility . Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can lead to:
- Decreased libido
- Erection problems
- Decrease in sperm quantity and quality
For couples trying to conceive, it is important for both partners to have their thyroid function checked. Treatment for thyroid disease can improve fertility and increase the chances of conceiving a child.
Prevention of thyroid diseases
While thyroid disease can’t be completely prevented, there are factors that can reduce your risk of developing it:
- Healthy diet: Rich in iodine, selenium, zinc and B vitamins.
- Avoiding stress: Stress is one of the factors contributing to the development of thyroid disease.
- Regular check-ups: Especially important for people with a genetic burden or symptoms suggestive of thyroid disease.
Summary
Thyroid disease is a problem that also affects men. Do not underestimate the symptoms and consult a doctor if in doubt. Early diagnosis and treatment avoid serious health consequences and improve quality of life.
